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processer (cpu)

the processer other wise reffered to as cpu or centel processing unit is a piece of hardware within the system that carries out the instructions of a computer program by perfoming arithmetical, logical, input output operations of the system. a computer may have more than one cpu this would be reffered to as multiprocessesing. most modern computers will contain a microprosseser that consits of more than one core this is called a multicore processer. the processer will comunicate with other components through the mother board. the speed of the computer is measered through clock rate the faster the clock rate given in multiples of hertz the quicker the processer will execute instructions.#


motherboard

the motherboard is the main circuit board within a computer or alot of other electronic systems. it holds many of the crucial electronic componants within the system such as the cpu the ram and in some systems will also hold graphics cards (GPU) sound cards and network cards it also provides all of the required conections for other peripherals such as the moniter, keyboard, mouse and speakers.

BIOS

the bios software is built into the pc and is the first software run by the pc when it is turned on the purposes of the bios is to initalize and test the system hardware components and to load an operating system. the bios provides a consistent way for application programs and operating systems to interact with the keyboard display and other input output devices.

power supply.

a power supply unit converts mains ac to low voltage regulated dc power for the internal componants of a computer. modern personal computer power supply universially use a switched mode power supply. some power supplys have a maual selector for the input voltage while others automaticly adapt to the supply voltage.

fan and heatsink

in electoronic systems a heat sink is a passive heat exchanger componant that cools a computer down heat sinks are used to cool cpu's or gpu's a heat sink is desighned to increase the surface area in contact with the cooling medium surrounding it.











hard drive configuration controllers for SATA

a hard drive on a computer is connected by either one or two connecters both look similer to connections used on a television the two wires are called IDE and SATA the IDE wire looks like a scart lead and the SATA looks more like a hdmi these two connections are the two most needed inside a computer

USB ports

USB stands for universal serieal bus, the usb ports on a computer allow peripherals such as the mouse and keyboard but can also be used for things such as external mamory, printers and to plug devices such as a phone or an ipod into the computer.






RAM, ROM, and cache

inside the computer you have certain parts that contain some of the most vital information needed for the computer to run these are called RAM the ram is one of the computers memory that can be allocated to programs when needed. these componants are installed onto the motherboard inside the compute without the RAM the the computer wouldnt work. ROM stands for read only memory information stored within rom cant be edited.

specilized cards network and graphics cards.

graphics card is what people need for day to day use of a pc a graphics card enables you to do things such as multi moniter this is when you have more than one moniter connected to the pc a graphics card also improves the graphiss of a 3d enviroment. it also allows more complex games to be played such as call of duty. A network card will allow you to connect  to the internet via a LAN cable which the network card contains. these card are atatched to the mother boared thorugh pci slots.

printer

a printer is a peripheral that produces represrntation of an electronic document or image on to a pice of paper. a printer would be connected to the computer wirlessly or via usb

scanner

a scanner is a device which allows thigs to be scanned into the computer a scanner would be connected via wirless or usb

twisted pair cabling

twisted pair cabling is to cancle out electro magnetic interance

pen drive

pen drive is a small physically size storage device that is connected to the computer via a usb slot

hard drive

stores everything by default including the operating system